子午线轮胎接地特性和应变能分析试验与仿真研究1)

ANALYSIS OF GROUNDING CHARACTERISTICS AND STRAIN ENERGY OF RADIAL TIRES WITH RADIAL STIFFNESS1)

  • 摘要: 利用轮胎综合试验机对径向刚度下子午线轮胎进行性能试验,采用正交试验法针对不同胎压、垂向载荷下轮胎的接地特性进行分析,结合仿真软件ABAQUS与试验进行对比。结果表明,橡胶材料Mooney-Rivli模型也具有一定的适用性,胎压增大时径向刚度发生线性变化,胎面印痕由椭圆形转变成近似矩形,印痕面积略微增大;随着胎压的不断增大,胎面印痕的面积显著减小,接触面的压力主要集中在胎肩,胎冠处也有所增加;胎压一定时,垂向载荷逐渐增大时,整个印痕面的应力呈对称分布,印痕面应力由内高外低逐渐向外高内低变化。建立数学模型与有限元软件同时对轮胎进行应变能分析,发现在低胎压150 kPa下受载荷时轮胎容易发生微小侧向位移同时发生变形,此时极易引起迟滞损失并造成应变能急剧增加。

     

    Abstract: A general tire testing machine is used for the performance tests of the radial tires with radial stiffness. Orthogonal tests are used to analyze the grounding characteristics of the tires under different tire pressures and vertical loads. The simulation software ABAQUS is used for a simulation to compare with the tests. The results show that the Mooney-Rivli model for the rubber material can be applied in certain cases. The radial stiffness is linearly related with the tire pressure. As the area increases, the area of the tread marks decreases significantly. The pressure on the contact surface is mainly concentrated on the shoulders and that on the tread crown is also increased. When the tire pressure is constant and the vertical load is increased gradually, the stress on the entire footprint is in a symmetrical. distribution, and the distribution of the stress on the imprint surface changes gradually from high on the inner part and low on the outer part to high on the outer part and low on the inner part. A mathematical model is built and the finite element software is used to analyze the strain energy of the tire at the same time. It is found that the tire is prone to a slight lateral displacement and deformation at the same time when the tire is loaded at a low tire pressure of 150KPa. At this time, it is easy to cause a hysteresis loss and cause a sharp increase in the strain energy.

     

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